Definition
Side-lobe echoes from a close strong target produce a series of arcs at the same range on either side of it. Indirect echoes appear when the beam reflects off a mast or funnel, placing a phantom target on a false bearing at the correct range. Multiple echoes show as evenly spaced repeats along the bearing of a large nearby ship, and second-trace echoes from super-refraction place distant land at a wrong short range.
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