Definition
The difference between observed and predicted sea level, driven by barometric pressure and wind. The inverse barometer effect gives approximately 0.01 m of sea level change per hectopascal, so a 980 hPa depression against a 1013 hPa standard raises level about 0.33 m. Wind set-up in shallow water can add considerably more, and negative surges from strong offshore winds or high pressure can remove a metre or more of expected depth.
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